Difference between revisions of "Volatiles"
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| − | Volatiles | + | {{Fluidbox |
| + | | name = Volatiles | ||
| + | | image = [[File:Icon-volatiles.png]] | ||
| + | | heatCapacity = 20.4 Joule / mol | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | == Description == <!--T:2--> | |
| + | <blockquote><q>Volatiles is a combustible fuel. It is refined from [[Ice (Volatiles)]]</q><br> | ||
| + | '''- Stationpedia'''</blockquote> | ||
| − | + | '''Volatiles''' or '''H<sub>2</sub>''' is a combustible gas in the presence of Oxygen and the breathing gas of the [[Zrilian]] species. The main source of Volatiles on most planets is in the form of [[Ice (Volatiles)]] that can be mined on the surface. Volatiles will autoignite at 300 Celcius or above in the presence of [[Oxygen]], and autoignite at 50 Celcius or above in the presence of [[Nitrous Oxide]]. | |
| + | |||
| + | === Composition === | ||
| + | Denoted with the name ''Volatile'', it is a homogenous compound made up of Hydrogen, Chlorine and Hydrocarbons. This means that it is poisonous due to the Chlorine, but also combustible due to the Hydrogen and Methane portions and can be turned into [[Water]] with [[Oxygen]] in a [[Kit (Atmospherics) H2 Combustor|H2 Combustor]] that has a self-contained catalyst which helps free the Hydrogen atoms. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Possible compound: CH<sub>3</sub>Cl (Chloromethane) | ||
| + | <!--Volatiles is a combustible gas, likely chloromethane or other chloride based organic compound, that can be used in combination with [[Oxygen]] as a [[Fuel]]. The main source of Volatiles on most planets is in the form of [[Ice (Volatiles)]] that can be mined on the surface. It is the breathing gas of the Zrillian species. Although the game commonly labels Volatiles as H2, a hydrogen pair molecule, the saved files list X gas as chlorine, meaning to produce carbon dioxide and chlorine, and water, as a byproducts, the compound must contain all three elements.--> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Usage == <!--T:3--> | ||
| + | ''See also: [[Fuel]]'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | Different ratios of Volatiles and Oxygen will produce different temperatures and pressures during combustion. Combustion will create a large amount of Heat, pressure, and [[Carbon Dioxide]]. This reaction is useful inside a [[Furnace]] for smelting ores and creating alloys, but can be catastrophic when inside a [[Canister]] or a room. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Currently as of version v0.1.1089.5513, it is labeled in the atmospheric analyzer as H<sub>2</sub>, but it is not Hydrogen.<ref>Stationeer's Discord https://discordapp.com/channels/276525882049429515/392785541411635201/393216103284998144</ref>. When burned, it produces heat, [[Pollutant]]s, and [[Carbon Dioxide]] in the following reaction: | ||
| + | |||
| + | 2 Volatiles + 1 O<sub>2</sub> → 3 [[Pollutant|X]] + 6 [[Carbon Dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] + 2×Enthalpy<sub>volatiles</sub> heat energy | ||
| + | |||
| + | 1 Volatiles + 1 [[Nitrous Oxide|N<sub>2</sub>O]] → 2 [[Nitrogen|N<sub>2</sub>]] + 2 [[Carbon Dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] + 2×Enthalpy<sub>volatiles</sub><ref>Cows are evil youtube video https://youtu.be/-nELRhGK1_A?t=890</ref> heat energy | ||
| + | |||
| + | Enthalpy of volatiles is 286000 Joules, this is per amount of Moles of matter. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Since both reactions results in same amount of heat, but the one with Nitrous Oxide results with less moles, it produces much more heat per amount of matter (2.25 times more heat energy per mole of reaction products). Also, Nitrogen has lower heat capacity than pollutant, which results in even higher temperature. | ||
| + | |||
| + | This reaction is inconsistent with volatiles being simple hydrocarbons (too much CO<sub>2</sub> is produced), but it may be consistent with more complex organic molecules. If either volatiles or oxidizer is below 0.3mmoles, it reacts completely without any residue. The reaction rate by default (for example: in atmosphere) depends on temperature as clamp01(1 / (0.002 * (T<sub>C</sub> + 273.0)<sup>1.6</sup> + 0.05) / 5 for oxygen as an oxidizer, and clamp01(1 / (0.0025 * (T<sub>C</sub> + 273.0)<sup>1.01</sup> + 0.05) / 5 for nitrous oxide. Thus, the maximum default reaction rate is 0.2 and is valid at temperatures below 211C when without nitrous oxide and 107C when enough nitrous oxide is present (>~5%). After that reaction rate decreases logarithmically. At temperatures above 460C, nitrous enriched fuel combusts faster (at approx. 2x rate) than oxygen only. At higher temperatures, the difference is even greater, thus making the reaction more efficient and violent. Some devices (like [[H2_Combustor|H2 Combustor]] or [[Kit_(Gas_Fuel_Generator)|Gas Fuel Generator]]) increases rate of reaction (to 0.9 i.e. 90% in both cases). | ||
| + | |||
| + | If a combusting gas mix contains Volatiles, NOS, and O2, they all will react proportionally at same rate, according to aforementioned reactions (i.e. at 90% reaction rate and ideally balanced mix, each component will decrease by 90% from it's original amount). When mix is unbalanced and have either excess of volatiles or oxidizers, then proportions decrease accordingly, i.e. with excess of volatiles, only the amount of volatiles corresponding to amount of oxidizers (2 per Oxygen, 1 per Nitrous Oxide) will decrease proportionally; with excess of oxidizers, similarly, only the amount of oxidizers corresponding to the amount of volatiles is decreased at reaction rate, i.e. oxygen reacts at half the rate of nitrous oxide. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Volatiles have a specific heat of 20.4 Joule / mol. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Notes=== | ||
| + | * The Specific heat of 20 Joule / mol is in-between the specific heat of Hydrogen and Methane. | ||
| + | * The actual Autoignition temperature of Chloromethane in Oxygen is 625 °C (1,157 °F; 898 K), the game grossly underestimated the iginition temperature by about 11 times. | ||
| + | * Seems that a concentration of Volatiles greater than 6% in an atmosphere it is lethal to plants, keep attention on that designing a greenhouse, because [[Kit (Advanced Composter)|Advanced Composter]] will release Volatiles during the process. | ||
| + | * Enthalpy of Hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) combustion is precisely 286 kJ/mol | ||
| + | * As far as rocketry is concerned, Volatiles have a mass of 62.5 mol/kg | ||
| + | * Given the above, Volatiles have a molar mass of 16, suggesting it really is methane (CH₄). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Sources== <!--T:5--> | ||
| + | Volatiles can be collected from the following sources: | ||
| + | |||
| + | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! Source !! Amount | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Biomass]] || 8 mol | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Ice (Volatiles)]] || 22 mol | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | | [[Ore (Cobalt)]] || 1 mol | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Can be also obtainable by [[trading]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == References == <!--T:7--> | ||
| + | <References /> | ||
| + | {{:Gases and Liquids/Menu}} | ||
| + | [[Category:Gas]][[Category:Liquid]] | ||
| + | </translate> | ||
Latest revision as of 01:17, 26 September 2024
 | |
| Specific heat | 20.4 Joule / mol |
|---|---|
Description[edit]
Volatiles is a combustible fuel. It is refined from Ice (Volatiles)
- Stationpedia
Volatiles or H2 is a combustible gas in the presence of Oxygen and the breathing gas of the Zrilian species. The main source of Volatiles on most planets is in the form of Ice (Volatiles) that can be mined on the surface. Volatiles will autoignite at 300 Celcius or above in the presence of Oxygen, and autoignite at 50 Celcius or above in the presence of Nitrous Oxide.
Composition[edit]
Denoted with the name Volatile, it is a homogenous compound made up of Hydrogen, Chlorine and Hydrocarbons. This means that it is poisonous due to the Chlorine, but also combustible due to the Hydrogen and Methane portions and can be turned into Water with Oxygen in a H2 Combustor that has a self-contained catalyst which helps free the Hydrogen atoms.
Possible compound: CH3Cl (Chloromethane)
Usage[edit]
See also: Fuel
Different ratios of Volatiles and Oxygen will produce different temperatures and pressures during combustion. Combustion will create a large amount of Heat, pressure, and Carbon Dioxide. This reaction is useful inside a Furnace for smelting ores and creating alloys, but can be catastrophic when inside a Canister or a room.
Currently as of version v0.1.1089.5513, it is labeled in the atmospheric analyzer as H2, but it is not Hydrogen.[1]. When burned, it produces heat, Pollutants, and Carbon Dioxide in the following reaction:
2 Volatiles + 1 O2 → 3 X + 6 CO2 + 2×Enthalpyvolatiles heat energy
1 Volatiles + 1 N2O → 2 N2 + 2 CO2 + 2×Enthalpyvolatiles[2] heat energy
Enthalpy of volatiles is 286000 Joules, this is per amount of Moles of matter.
Since both reactions results in same amount of heat, but the one with Nitrous Oxide results with less moles, it produces much more heat per amount of matter (2.25 times more heat energy per mole of reaction products). Also, Nitrogen has lower heat capacity than pollutant, which results in even higher temperature.
This reaction is inconsistent with volatiles being simple hydrocarbons (too much CO2 is produced), but it may be consistent with more complex organic molecules. If either volatiles or oxidizer is below 0.3mmoles, it reacts completely without any residue. The reaction rate by default (for example: in atmosphere) depends on temperature as clamp01(1 / (0.002 * (TC + 273.0)1.6 + 0.05) / 5 for oxygen as an oxidizer, and clamp01(1 / (0.0025 * (TC + 273.0)1.01 + 0.05) / 5 for nitrous oxide. Thus, the maximum default reaction rate is 0.2 and is valid at temperatures below 211C when without nitrous oxide and 107C when enough nitrous oxide is present (>~5%). After that reaction rate decreases logarithmically. At temperatures above 460C, nitrous enriched fuel combusts faster (at approx. 2x rate) than oxygen only. At higher temperatures, the difference is even greater, thus making the reaction more efficient and violent. Some devices (like H2 Combustor or Gas Fuel Generator) increases rate of reaction (to 0.9 i.e. 90% in both cases).
If a combusting gas mix contains Volatiles, NOS, and O2, they all will react proportionally at same rate, according to aforementioned reactions (i.e. at 90% reaction rate and ideally balanced mix, each component will decrease by 90% from it's original amount). When mix is unbalanced and have either excess of volatiles or oxidizers, then proportions decrease accordingly, i.e. with excess of volatiles, only the amount of volatiles corresponding to amount of oxidizers (2 per Oxygen, 1 per Nitrous Oxide) will decrease proportionally; with excess of oxidizers, similarly, only the amount of oxidizers corresponding to the amount of volatiles is decreased at reaction rate, i.e. oxygen reacts at half the rate of nitrous oxide.
Volatiles have a specific heat of 20.4 Joule / mol.
Notes[edit]
- The Specific heat of 20 Joule / mol is in-between the specific heat of Hydrogen and Methane.
- The actual Autoignition temperature of Chloromethane in Oxygen is 625 °C (1,157 °F; 898 K), the game grossly underestimated the iginition temperature by about 11 times.
- Seems that a concentration of Volatiles greater than 6% in an atmosphere it is lethal to plants, keep attention on that designing a greenhouse, because Advanced Composter will release Volatiles during the process.
- Enthalpy of Hydrogen (H2) combustion is precisely 286 kJ/mol
- As far as rocketry is concerned, Volatiles have a mass of 62.5 mol/kg
- Given the above, Volatiles have a molar mass of 16, suggesting it really is methane (CH₄).
Sources[edit]
Volatiles can be collected from the following sources:
| Source | Amount |
|---|---|
| Biomass | 8 mol |
| Ice (Volatiles) | 22 mol |
| Ore (Cobalt) | 1 mol |
Can be also obtainable by trading.
References[edit]
- ↑ Stationeer's Discord https://discordapp.com/channels/276525882049429515/392785541411635201/393216103284998144
- ↑ Cows are evil youtube video https://youtu.be/-nELRhGK1_A?t=890
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